There seem to be too many people that are stuck on ROI and not enough people that understand the fundamental importance of cash flow with regards to investment(s). Wikipedia does a good job at pointing something subtle yet critical about cash flow:
- to evaluate the state or performance of a business or project.
- to determine problems with liquidity. Being profitable does not necessarily mean being liquid. A company can fail because of a shortage of cash, even while profitable.
- to generate project rate of returns. The time of cash flows into and out of projects are used as inputs to financial models such as internal rate of return, and net present value.
- to examine income or growth of a business when it is believed that accrual accounting concepts do not represent economic realities. Alternately, cash flow can be used to ‘validate’ the net income generated by accrual accounting.
Too many investors that advocate index funds eliminate the entire aspect of cash flow in their investment strategy. Let’s take a look at an example.
Rich is an investor with $20,000 to invest and he wants to focus on cash flow. Suzie is an investor with $20,000 and she wants to focus on dollar cost averaging and ROI. Both Rich and Suzie decide to invest in the same investment vehicle, an ETF in Home Builders (XHB). Both have been watching the housing market and both think it’s close to the bottom to buy in.
On April 10, 2008, Rich buys 400 shares of XHB at $19.80 and decides to focus on cash flow generation so he immediately sells calls on the stock he just bought that expire 9 days out. He sells 4 contracts for $0.70 per share to earn $270.00 in cash flow. Nine days later, those contracts Rich sells expire worthless so on April 21, he sees an opportunity to sell 4 more (for May) contracts for $1.23 per share and earns $484 in additional cash flow. In May those same contracts expire worthless. Rich likes the cash his investment is generating so on May 27th, he buys 400 more shares of XHB at $19.80 because the price has dropped. He sells 4 contracts on these new 400 shares for $0.75 per share to earn an additional $280 in cash flow. Those contracts expire worthless. Finally on August 11th, Rich sells 8 contracts four for $1.1 and four for $1.5 to rake in $432 and $592 respectively. Total cash flow earned: $270+$484+$280+$432+$592 = $2058. Total money originally invested $17,017. ROI = 12 pct (cash flow) / 24 pct (adjusted)
Suzie wants to dollar cost average so she buys 200 shares of XHB at $19.80 on April 10th. Each month she’ll buy 200 more shares regardless of the cost. May 9th rolls around (a month later) and Suzie buys 200 more shares of XHB at $21.24. Thirty days later, Suzie buys 200 shares of XHB on June 10th for $18.86 and thirty days later on July 10th, she buys 200 more shares of XHB at $15.27. Suzie has now bought 800 shares of XHB for an average cost of $18.79. Total money invested $15,034. ROI? As of yesterday, XHB closed at $18.93 so her cash flow is $0.14 and ROI = 0.74%
So during this period, who is better off? The person focusing on cash flow and ROI or the person focusing on DCA and ROI?
Dividend investors know the power of cash flow and that’s why you’ll encounter some PF Bloggers that strictly focus on dividend investment and re-investment. Real Estate investors know the power of rental income & cash flow as do bond traders and bond investors.
If you want to learn more about selling contracts on index funds, click on over to ETFCoveredCalls.com to learn more.